Summer School 2025 <Contemporary Europe 2025> Session 8 > Summer School at KU

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The eighth session undertaken by Prof. Lee focused on energy and European security, examining the drivers and consequences of EU–Russia energy decoupling following the Russia–Ukraine war. It discussed Europe’s pre-2022 dependence on Russian energy, the weaponization of energy supplies, and the EU’s policy, legal, and infrastructure responses through initiatives such as the Energy Union and REPowerEU. The session also highlighted the growing role of US LNG in European energy security, challenges related to market volatility, sanctions, and Russia’s hybrid energy tactics, alongside the EU’s green transition agenda. Overall, the session provided a comprehensive understanding of how energy security has become central to Europe’s geopolitical, economic, and strategic transformation.